MCPInstall

look-through-earnings

用户需要看穿会计数字,理解一个企业或投资组合的真实经济收益。特别适用于评估盈利质量、资本支出真实性、EBITDA误导。 语言信号:"这家公司利润很高"/"EBITDA是多少"/"折旧算不算成本"/"自由现金流和利润为什么不一样" 不适用于:不需要财务分析的纯定性决策。

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Install

Works with every agent the skills CLI supports.

npx skills add https://github.com/kangarooking/buffett-letters-skill --skill look-through-earnings
  1. 01

    Install

    Run the command in your project. The CLI asks which agents to install for.

  2. 02

    Describe the task

    Ask your agent for something this skill covers. It loads look-through-earnings automatically when relevant.

  3. 03

    Review the result

    The agent follows the SKILL.md steps, scripts and references bundled with the skill.

SKILL.md

The instructions your agent reads when the skill is triggered.

透视盈余(含所有者收益/反EBITDA)

R — 原文 (Reading)

"We feel that the undistributed earnings of companies we hold in large amounts are fully as important to us as those we report." (1978) "References to EBITDA make us shudder — does management think the tooth fairy pays for capital expenditures?" (2000)

I — 方法论骨架

两个核心概念合并为一个skill:

透视盈余: 真实经济收益 = 报告利润 + 被投资公司未分配利润份额 - 假设税款

  • 会计只显示已收股息,但未分配利润也是你的(如果有控制权或长期持有)

所有者收益: 净利润 + 折旧摊销 - 维持性资本支出 ≠ EBITDA

  • 折旧不是"非现金费用"——它是预付资本的回收
  • EBITDA忽略了维持竞争地位所需的真实资本支出

A1 — 书中的应用

案例: Apple的透视盈余

  • 问题: 伯克希尔从Apple投资中获得多少?
  • 使用: 2021年伯克希尔享有的Apple收益=$56亿,但仅收股息=$7.85亿
  • 结果: 会计利润严重低估真实经济进展(差7倍)

A2 — 触发场景

  1. 分析一家利润高但资本支出也高的公司
  2. 评估一家控股/参股公司的真实盈利能力
  3. 有人用EBITDA估值——需要指出问题
  4. 理解为什么净利润和现金流差距很大

语言信号

  • "这家公司EBITDA很高"
  • "折旧不是现金成本"
  • "利润和现金流为什么差这么多?"
  • "未分配利润算不算我的?"

与相邻 skill 的区分

  • 与 economic-moat 的区别:护城河分析企业竞争力,透视盈余分析企业真实赚钱能力

E — 可执行步骤

  1. 计算所有者收益 = 净利润 + 折旧摊销 - 维持性资本支出

    • 完成标准:区分"维持性"vs"扩张性"资本支出
  2. 检查EBITDA陷阱

    • 完成标准:如果EBITDA >> 所有者收益,标注"盈利质量存疑"
    • 判停:如果EBITDA与自由现金流差距>50% → 发出警告
  3. 计算透视盈余(适用于有参股公司的情况)

    • 完成标准:报告利润 + 按持股比例的未分配利润 - 假设税款

B — 边界

  • 估计"维持性"vs"扩张性"资本支出需要判断——不同人可能得出不同结论
  • 透视盈余对短期投资者意义不大(未分配利润可能永远不实现)
  • 作者盲点:巴菲特有足够的控制权来确保未分配利润最终实现——散户没有

相关 skills (阶段 3 填充)

  • depends-on: business-picker
  • composes-with: aesop-three-questions

审计信息

  • 验证通过: V1 ✓ / V2 ✓ / V3 ✓
  • 蒸馏时间: 2026-04-16

FAQ

What does the look-through-earnings skill do?

用户需要看穿会计数字,理解一个企业或投资组合的真实经济收益。特别适用于评估盈利质量、资本支出真实性、EBITDA误导。 语言信号:"这家公司利润很高"/"EBITDA是多少"/"折旧算不算成本"/"自由现金流和利润为什么不一样" 不适用于:不需要财务分析的纯定性决策。

How do I install look-through-earnings?

Run npx skills add https://github.com/kangarooking/buffett-letters-skill --skill look-through-earnings in your project. The skills CLI detects the agents you use and copies the skill into the right folder. For Claude Code you can also place the skill folder at ~/.claude/skills/look-through-earnings/ (personal) or .claude/skills/look-through-earnings/ (project).

Which AI agents can use look-through-earnings?

Any agent that supports the open Agent Skills format (a folder with a SKILL.md file), including Claude Code, Codex, Cursor, GitHub Copilot, Gemini CLI, Windsurf, Cline, OpenCode and more.

Is look-through-earnings safe to install?

No partner security audit is available yet. Skills can run commands and scripts, so read the SKILL.md and any bundled files before installing.

Who maintains look-through-earnings?

It is published by kangarooking in kangarooking/buffett-letters-skill. It has 54 recorded installs.

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