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Install
Works with every agent the skills CLI supports.
npx skills add https://github.com/chaterm/terminal-skills --skill tar-compression- 01
Install
Run the command in your project. The CLI asks which agents to install for.
- 02
Describe the task
Ask your agent for something this skill covers. It loads tar-compression automatically when relevant.
- 03
Review the result
The agent follows the SKILL.md steps, scripts and references bundled with the skill.
SKILL.md
The instructions your agent reads when the skill is triggered.
归档与压缩
概述
tar/gzip/xz 归档压缩、分卷备份技能。
tar 基础
创建归档
# 创建 tar 归档
tar -cvf archive.tar /path/to/dir
# 创建并 gzip 压缩
tar -czvf archive.tar.gz /path/to/dir
# 创建并 bzip2 压缩
tar -cjvf archive.tar.bz2 /path/to/dir
# 创建并 xz 压缩
tar -cJvf archive.tar.xz /path/to/dir
# 多个目录/文件
tar -czvf archive.tar.gz dir1 dir2 file1.txt
解压归档
# 解压 tar
tar -xvf archive.tar
# 解压 gzip
tar -xzvf archive.tar.gz
# 解压 bzip2
tar -xjvf archive.tar.bz2
# 解压 xz
tar -xJvf archive.tar.xz
# 解压到指定目录
tar -xzvf archive.tar.gz -C /target/dir
查看内容
# 列出内容
tar -tvf archive.tar
tar -tzvf archive.tar.gz
# 搜索文件
tar -tzvf archive.tar.gz | grep "filename"
常用选项
# 排除文件/目录
tar -czvf archive.tar.gz --exclude='*.log' --exclude='cache' /path
# 从文件读取排除列表
tar -czvf archive.tar.gz --exclude-from=exclude.txt /path
# 保留权限
tar -czvf archive.tar.gz --preserve-permissions /path
# 增量备份
tar -czvf archive.tar.gz --newer='2024-01-01' /path
压缩工具
gzip
# 压缩
gzip file.txt # 生成 file.txt.gz，删除原文件
gzip -k file.txt # 保留原文件
gzip -9 file.txt # 最高压缩率
# 解压
gunzip file.txt.gz
gzip -d file.txt.gz
# 查看压缩文件
zcat file.txt.gz
zless file.txt.gz
zgrep "pattern" file.txt.gz
bzip2
# 压缩
bzip2 file.txt
bzip2 -k file.txt # 保留原文件
bzip2 -9 file.txt # 最高压缩率
# 解压
bunzip2 file.txt.bz2
bzip2 -d file.txt.bz2
# 查看
bzcat file.txt.bz2
xz
# 压缩
xz file.txt
xz -k file.txt # 保留原文件
xz -9 file.txt # 最高压缩率
xz -T 4 file.txt # 多线程
# 解压
unxz file.txt.xz
xz -d file.txt.xz
# 查看
xzcat file.txt.xz
zstd
# 压缩
zstd file.txt
zstd -19 file.txt # 最高压缩率
zstd -T0 file.txt # 自动多线程
# 解压
unzstd file.txt.zst
zstd -d file.txt.zst
分卷备份
split 分割
# 按大小分割
split -b 100M archive.tar.gz archive.tar.gz.part_
# 按行分割
split -l 10000 largefile.txt part_
# 合并
cat archive.tar.gz.part_* > archive.tar.gz
tar 分卷
# 创建分卷
tar -czvf - /path/to/dir | split -b 100M - backup.tar.gz.part_
# 解压分卷
cat backup.tar.gz.part_* | tar -xzvf -
常见场景
场景 1：网站备份
#!/bin/bash
DATE=$(date +%Y%m%d)
BACKUP_DIR="/backup"
WEB_DIR="/var/www/html"
# 创建备份
tar -czvf ${BACKUP_DIR}/web_${DATE}.tar.gz \
--exclude='*.log' \
--exclude='cache/*' \
${WEB_DIR}
# 保留最近 7 天
find ${BACKUP_DIR} -name "web_*.tar.gz" -mtime +7 -delete
场景 2：数据库备份压缩
# MySQL
mysqldump -u root -p database | gzip > db_backup.sql.gz
# 解压恢复
gunzip < db_backup.sql.gz | mysql -u root -p database
# PostgreSQL
pg_dump database | xz > db_backup.sql.xz
场景 3：增量备份
#!/bin/bash
SNAPSHOT="/backup/snapshot.snar"
BACKUP_DIR="/backup"
SOURCE="/data"
# 完整备份（首次）
tar -czvf ${BACKUP_DIR}/full.tar.gz -g ${SNAPSHOT} ${SOURCE}
# 增量备份
tar -czvf ${BACKUP_DIR}/incr_$(date +%Y%m%d).tar.gz -g ${SNAPSHOT} ${SOURCE}
场景 4：远程备份
# 本地压缩后传输
tar -czvf - /path/to/dir | ssh user@remote "cat > /backup/archive.tar.gz"
# 远程压缩
ssh user@remote "tar -czvf - /path/to/dir" > local_backup.tar.gz
压缩对比
| 格式 | 压缩率 | 速度 | 内存 | 适用场景 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| gzip | 中 | 快 | 低 | 日常备份 |
| bzip2 | 高 | 慢 | 中 | 归档存储 |
| xz | 最高 | 最慢 | 高 | 长期存储 |
| zstd | 高 | 快 | 中 | 现代备份 |
故障排查
| 问题 | 排查方法 |
|---|---|
| 解压失败 | 检查文件完整性、格式 |
| 空间不足 | 使用管道、分卷 |
| 权限丢失 | 使用 --preserve-permissions |
| 文件损坏 | 使用 gzip -t 测试 |
# 测试压缩文件
gzip -t file.gz
bzip2 -t file.bz2
xz -t file.xz
# 修复损坏的 gzip
gzrecover file.gz
# 查看压缩信息
gzip -l file.gz
FAQ
What does the tar-compression skill do?
归档与压缩
How do I install tar-compression?
Run npx skills add https://github.com/chaterm/terminal-skills --skill tar-compression in your project. The skills CLI detects the agents you use and copies the skill into the right folder. For Claude Code you can also place the skill folder at ~/.claude/skills/tar-compression/ (personal) or .claude/skills/tar-compression/ (project).
Which AI agents can use tar-compression?
Any agent that supports the open Agent Skills format (a folder with a SKILL.md file), including Claude Code, Codex, Cursor, GitHub Copilot, Gemini CLI, Windsurf, Cline, OpenCode and more.
Is tar-compression safe to install?
No partner security audit is available yet. Skills can run commands and scripts, so read the SKILL.md and any bundled files before installing.
Who maintains tar-compression?
It is published by chaterm in chaterm/terminal-skills. It has 85 recorded installs.
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