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Install
Works with every agent the skills CLI supports.
npx skills add https://github.com/chaterm/terminal-skills --skill snapshot- 01
Install
Run the command in your project. The CLI asks which agents to install for.
- 02
Describe the task
Ask your agent for something this skill covers. It loads snapshot automatically when relevant.
- 03
Review the result
The agent follows the SKILL.md steps, scripts and references bundled with the skill.
SKILL.md
The instructions your agent reads when the skill is triggered.
快照管理
概述
LVM 快照、文件系统快照、云快照管理技能。
LVM 快照
创建快照
# 查看逻辑卷
lvs
lvdisplay
# 创建快照
lvcreate -L 10G -s -n snap_data /dev/vg0/data
# 创建薄快照
lvcreate -s -n snap_data /dev/vg0/thin_data
# 查看快照
lvs -a
lvdisplay /dev/vg0/snap_data
挂载快照
# 挂载只读
mount -o ro /dev/vg0/snap_data /mnt/snapshot
# 挂载读写
mount /dev/vg0/snap_data /mnt/snapshot
恢复数据
# 从快照恢复
lvconvert --merge /dev/vg0/snap_data
# 恢复前需卸载原卷
umount /dev/vg0/data
lvconvert --merge /dev/vg0/snap_data
mount /dev/vg0/data /data
删除快照
# 卸载并删除
umount /mnt/snapshot
lvremove /dev/vg0/snap_data
Btrfs 快照
创建快照
# 创建只读快照
btrfs subvolume snapshot -r /data /snapshots/data_$(date +%Y%m%d)
# 创建可写快照
btrfs subvolume snapshot /data /snapshots/data_writable
# 查看子卷
btrfs subvolume list /
管理快照
# 删除快照
btrfs subvolume delete /snapshots/data_20240101
# 发送快照（备份）
btrfs send /snapshots/data_readonly | btrfs receive /backup/
# 增量发送
btrfs send -p /snapshots/old /snapshots/new | btrfs receive /backup/
ZFS 快照
创建快照
# 创建快照
zfs snapshot pool/dataset@snap_$(date +%Y%m%d)
# 递归创建
zfs snapshot -r pool/dataset@snap_name
# 查看快照
zfs list -t snapshot
管理快照
# 回滚
zfs rollback pool/dataset@snap_name
# 克隆
zfs clone pool/dataset@snap_name pool/clone_dataset
# 删除
zfs destroy pool/dataset@snap_name
# 发送/接收
zfs send pool/dataset@snap | zfs receive backup/dataset
云快照
AWS EBS
# 创建快照
aws ec2 create-snapshot \
--volume-id vol-1234567890abcdef0 \
--description "Backup $(date +%Y%m%d)"
# 查看快照
aws ec2 describe-snapshots --owner-ids self
# 从快照创建卷
aws ec2 create-volume \
--snapshot-id snap-1234567890abcdef0 \
--availability-zone us-east-1a
# 删除快照
aws ec2 delete-snapshot --snapshot-id snap-1234567890abcdef0
阿里云
# 创建快照
aliyun ecs CreateSnapshot --DiskId d-xxx --SnapshotName backup
# 查看快照
aliyun ecs DescribeSnapshots
# 删除快照
aliyun ecs DeleteSnapshot --SnapshotId s-xxx
常见场景
场景 1：数据库一致性快照
#!/bin/bash
# MySQL + LVM 快照
mysql -e "FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK;"
lvcreate -L 10G -s -n db_snap /dev/vg0/mysql_data
mysql -e "UNLOCK TABLES;"
# 备份快照
mount -o ro /dev/vg0/db_snap /mnt/snap
tar -czvf /backup/mysql_$(date +%Y%m%d).tar.gz /mnt/snap
umount /mnt/snap
lvremove -f /dev/vg0/db_snap
场景 2：自动快照脚本
#!/bin/bash
# Btrfs 自动快照
SNAP_DIR="/snapshots"
MAX_SNAPS=7
# 创建快照
btrfs subvolume snapshot -r /data ${SNAP_DIR}/data_$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M)
# 清理旧快照
ls -1d ${SNAP_DIR}/data_* | head -n -${MAX_SNAPS} | xargs -r btrfs subvolume delete
场景 3：快照前后钩子
#!/bin/bash
# 快照前
systemctl stop application
sync
# 创建快照
lvcreate -L 5G -s -n app_snap /dev/vg0/app_data
# 快照后
systemctl start application
故障排查
| 问题 | 排查方法 |
|---|---|
| 快照空间满 | 扩展快照、减少变更 |
| 快照失效 | 检查 COW 空间 |
| 恢复失败 | 检查卷状态、依赖 |
| 性能下降 | 减少快照数量 |
# LVM 快照状态
lvs -a -o +snap_percent
# Btrfs 空间
btrfs filesystem df /
btrfs filesystem usage /
# ZFS 空间
zfs list -o space
FAQ
What does the snapshot skill do?
快照管理
How do I install snapshot?
Run npx skills add https://github.com/chaterm/terminal-skills --skill snapshot in your project. The skills CLI detects the agents you use and copies the skill into the right folder. For Claude Code you can also place the skill folder at ~/.claude/skills/snapshot/ (personal) or .claude/skills/snapshot/ (project).
Which AI agents can use snapshot?
Any agent that supports the open Agent Skills format (a folder with a SKILL.md file), including Claude Code, Codex, Cursor, GitHub Copilot, Gemini CLI, Windsurf, Cline, OpenCode and more.
Is snapshot safe to install?
No partner security audit is available yet. Skills can run commands and scripts, so read the SKILL.md and any bundled files before installing.
Who maintains snapshot?
It is published by chaterm in chaterm/terminal-skills. It has 58 recorded installs.
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