MCPInstall

mongodb

MongoDB 数据库管理

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Install

Works with every agent the skills CLI supports.

npx skills add https://github.com/chaterm/terminal-skills --skill mongodb
  1. 01

    Install

    Run the command in your project. The CLI asks which agents to install for.

  2. 02

    Describe the task

    Ask your agent for something this skill covers. It loads mongodb automatically when relevant.

  3. 03

    Review the result

    The agent follows the SKILL.md steps, scripts and references bundled with the skill.

SKILL.md

The instructions your agent reads when the skill is triggered.

MongoDB 数据库管理

概述

MongoDB 操作、索引优化、分片集群等技能。

连接管理

# 本地连接
mongosh
mongosh --port 27017

# 远程连接
mongosh "mongodb://hostname:27017"
mongosh "mongodb://user:password@hostname:27017/database"

# 副本集连接
mongosh "mongodb://host1:27017,host2:27017,host3:27017/database?replicaSet=rs0"

# 执行脚本
mongosh script.js
mongosh --eval "db.collection.find()"

基础操作

数据库操作

// 显示数据库
show dbs

// 切换/创建数据库
use mydb

// 删除数据库
db.dropDatabase()

// 数据库统计
db.stats()

集合操作

// 显示集合
show collections

// 创建集合
db.createCollection("users")

// 删除集合
db.users.drop()

// 集合统计
db.users.stats()

CRUD 操作

// 插入
db.users.insertOne({ name: "John", age: 30 })
db.users.insertMany([{ name: "Jane" }, { name: "Bob" }])

// 查询
db.users.find()
db.users.find({ age: { $gt: 25 } })
db.users.findOne({ name: "John" })
db.users.find().limit(10).skip(20).sort({ age: -1 })

// 更新
db.users.updateOne({ name: "John" }, { $set: { age: 31 } })
db.users.updateMany({ age: { $lt: 18 } }, { $set: { status: "minor" } })
db.users.replaceOne({ name: "John" }, { name: "John", age: 32 })

// 删除
db.users.deleteOne({ name: "John" })
db.users.deleteMany({ status: "inactive" })

索引管理

// 查看索引
db.users.getIndexes()

// 创建索引
db.users.createIndex({ email: 1 })                    // 升序
db.users.createIndex({ name: 1, age: -1 })            // 复合索引
db.users.createIndex({ email: 1 }, { unique: true })  // 唯一索引
db.users.createIndex({ location: "2dsphere" })        // 地理索引
db.users.createIndex({ content: "text" })             // 文本索引

// 后台创建(不阻塞)
db.users.createIndex({ field: 1 }, { background: true })

// 删除索引
db.users.dropIndex("email_1")
db.users.dropIndexes()                                // 删除所有

// 索引使用分析
db.users.find({ email: "test@example.com" }).explain("executionStats")

聚合操作

// 基础聚合
db.orders.aggregate([
    { $match: { status: "completed" } },
    { $group: { _id: "$customer", total: { $sum: "$amount" } } },
    { $sort: { total: -1 } },
    { $limit: 10 }
])

// 常用聚合操作符
// $match - 过滤
// $group - 分组
// $sort - 排序
// $limit - 限制
// $skip - 跳过
// $project - 投影
// $unwind - 展开数组
// $lookup - 关联查询

// 关联查询
db.orders.aggregate([
    {
        $lookup: {
            from: "users",
            localField: "userId",
            foreignField: "_id",
            as: "user"
        }
    }
])

备份与恢复

# 备份数据库
mongodump --db mydb --out /backup/
mongodump --uri="mongodb://user:pass@host:27017/mydb" --out /backup/

# 备份集合
mongodump --db mydb --collection users --out /backup/

# 压缩备份
mongodump --db mydb --gzip --archive=/backup/mydb.gz

# 恢复
mongorestore --db mydb /backup/mydb/
mongorestore --uri="mongodb://user:pass@host:27017" /backup/

# 恢复压缩备份
mongorestore --gzip --archive=/backup/mydb.gz

# 导出 JSON
mongoexport --db mydb --collection users --out users.json

# 导入 JSON
mongoimport --db mydb --collection users --file users.json

副本集管理

// 查看副本集状态
rs.status()
rs.conf()

// 初始化副本集
rs.initiate({
    _id: "rs0",
    members: [
        { _id: 0, host: "mongo1:27017" },
        { _id: 1, host: "mongo2:27017" },
        { _id: 2, host: "mongo3:27017" }
    ]
})

// 添加成员
rs.add("mongo4:27017")
rs.addArb("arbiter:27017")          // 添加仲裁节点

// 移除成员
rs.remove("mongo4:27017")

// 强制主节点切换
rs.stepDown()

性能监控

// 服务器状态
db.serverStatus()

// 当前操作
db.currentOp()
db.currentOp({ "active": true, "secs_running": { "$gt": 5 } })

// 终止操作
db.killOp(opid)

// 慢查询日志
db.setProfilingLevel(1, { slowms: 100 })
db.system.profile.find().sort({ ts: -1 }).limit(10)

// 集合扫描统计
db.users.stats()

// 连接数
db.serverStatus().connections

常见场景

场景 1:查询优化

// 分析查询
db.users.find({ email: "test@example.com" }).explain("executionStats")

// 检查是否使用索引
// "stage": "IXSCAN" 表示使用索引
// "stage": "COLLSCAN" 表示全表扫描

// 强制使用索引
db.users.find({ name: "John" }).hint({ name: 1 })

场景 2:数据迁移

// 复制集合
db.source.aggregate([{ $out: "target" }])

// 跨数据库复制
db.source.find().forEach(function(doc) {
    db.getSiblingDB("otherdb").target.insert(doc)
})

场景 3:批量更新

// 批量更新
db.users.updateMany(
    { status: "pending" },
    { $set: { status: "active", updatedAt: new Date() } }
)

// 使用 bulkWrite
db.users.bulkWrite([
    { updateOne: { filter: { _id: 1 }, update: { $set: { x: 1 } } } },
    { updateOne: { filter: { _id: 2 }, update: { $set: { x: 2 } } } },
    { deleteOne: { filter: { _id: 3 } } }
])

故障排查

问题排查方法
查询慢explain(), 检查索引
连接数过多db.serverStatus().connections
内存不足检查 WiredTiger 缓存配置
副本集同步延迟rs.status(), 检查 oplog
磁盘空间db.stats(), compact 操作

FAQ

What does the mongodb skill do?

MongoDB 数据库管理

How do I install mongodb?

Run npx skills add https://github.com/chaterm/terminal-skills --skill mongodb in your project. The skills CLI detects the agents you use and copies the skill into the right folder. For Claude Code you can also place the skill folder at ~/.claude/skills/mongodb/ (personal) or .claude/skills/mongodb/ (project).

Which AI agents can use mongodb?

Any agent that supports the open Agent Skills format (a folder with a SKILL.md file), including Claude Code, Codex, Cursor, GitHub Copilot, Gemini CLI, Windsurf, Cline, OpenCode and more.

Is mongodb safe to install?

No partner security audit is available yet. Skills can run commands and scripts, so read the SKILL.md and any bundled files before installing.

Who maintains mongodb?

It is published by chaterm in chaterm/terminal-skills. It has 64 recorded installs.

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