MCPInstall

linting

by jiatasticBackend & APIs

Python linting with Ruff - an extremely fast linter written in Rust. Use when: (1) Standardizing code quality, (2) Fixing style warnings, (3) Enforcing rules in CI, (4) Replacing flake8/isort/pyupgrade/autoflake, (5) Configuring lint rules and suppressions.

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Install

Works with every agent the skills CLI supports.

npx skills add https://github.com/jiatastic/open-python-skills --skill linting
  1. 01

    Install

    Run the command in your project. The CLI asks which agents to install for.

  2. 02

    Describe the task

    Ask your agent for something this skill covers. It loads linting automatically when relevant.

  3. 03

    Review the result

    The agent follows the SKILL.md steps, scripts and references bundled with the skill.

SKILL.md

The instructions your agent reads when the skill is triggered.

Ruff Linting

Ruff is an extremely fast Python linter designed as a drop-in replacement for Flake8 (plus dozens of plugins), isort, pydocstyle, pyupgrade, autoflake, and more. Written in Rust, it offers 10-100x performance improvements over traditional Python linters.

Overview

Ruff provides a single CLI for linting with optional auto-fix. It supports an extensive rule set with 800+ built-in rules and integrates cleanly with pre-commit, CI systems, and modern editors.

Key Features

  • Extremely Fast: 10-100x faster than Flake8, Black, isort
  • Drop-in Replacement: Compatible with existing Flake8 plugins and configurations
  • Auto-fix Support: Automatically fix many common issues
  • Comprehensive Rules: 800+ built-in rules from popular linters
  • Single Tool: Replaces flake8, isort, pyupgrade, autoflake, pydocstyle, and more

When to Use

  • Standardizing code quality across a project or team
  • Enforcing consistent coding rules in CI/CD pipelines
  • Replacing multiple linting tools with a single fast solution
  • Auto-fixing common code style issues
  • Migrating from Flake8, isort, or other legacy linters

Quick Start

# Install Ruff
uv pip install ruff
# or
pip install ruff

# Run linting on current directory
ruff check .

# Run linting with auto-fix
ruff check . --fix

# Watch mode for development
ruff check --watch

Core Patterns

  1. Start minimal: Enable E and F rules first, then gradually expand
  2. Auto-fix safely: Use ruff check --fix for safe fixes only
  3. Per-file ignores: Use sparingly for generated code or special cases
  4. CI integration: Use ruff check --output-format github for GitHub Actions
  5. Single source of truth: Configure via pyproject.toml or ruff.toml

Rule Selection

Ruff uses a code system where each rule consists of a 1-3 letter prefix followed by digits (e.g., F401). Rules are controlled via lint.select, lint.extend-select, and lint.ignore.

Recommended Rule Sets

Minimal (Start Here):

[tool.ruff.lint]
select = ["E", "F"]  # pycodestyle errors + Pyflakes

Balanced (Recommended):

[tool.ruff.lint]
select = [
    "E",    # pycodestyle errors
    "F",    # Pyflakes
    "UP",   # pyupgrade
    "B",    # flake8-bugbear
    "SIM",  # flake8-simplify
    "I",    # isort
]

Comprehensive:

[tool.ruff.lint]
select = [
    "E",    # pycodestyle errors
    "W",    # pycodestyle warnings
    "F",    # Pyflakes
    "UP",   # pyupgrade
    "B",    # flake8-bugbear
    "SIM",  # flake8-simplify
    "I",    # isort
    "N",    # pep8-naming
    "S",    # flake8-bandit (security)
    "C4",   # flake8-comprehensions
    "DTZ",  # flake8-datetimez
    "T20",  # flake8-print
    "RUF",  # Ruff-specific rules
]
ignore = ["E501"]  # Line too long (handled by formatter)

Rule Priority

CLI options override pyproject.toml, which overrides inherited configs:

  1. CLI (--select, --ignore) - highest priority
  2. Current pyproject.toml
  3. Inherited pyproject.toml files

For detailed rule configuration, see references/rule_selection.md.

Configuration

pyproject.toml (Recommended)

[tool.ruff]
line-length = 88
target-version = "py311"
exclude = [".venv", "dist", "build", "*.pyi"]

[tool.ruff.lint]
select = ["E", "F", "UP", "B", "SIM", "I"]
ignore = ["E501"]
fixable = ["ALL"]
unfixable = []

[tool.ruff.lint.per-file-ignores]
"tests/**/*.py" = ["S101"]      # Allow assert in tests
"__init__.py" = ["F401"]         # Allow unused imports
"**/{tests,docs,tools}/*" = ["E402"]  # Allow late imports

[tool.ruff.lint.isort]
known-first-party = ["myproject"]

[tool.ruff.lint.pydocstyle]
convention = "google"

ruff.toml Alternative

line-length = 88
target-version = "py311"

[lint]
select = ["E", "F", "UP", "B", "SIM", "I"]
ignore = ["E501"]

[lint.per-file-ignores]
"tests/**/*.py" = ["S101"]

Fix Safety

Ruff categorizes fixes as safe or unsafe:

TypeBehaviorDefault
SafePreserves code semanticsEnabled
UnsafeMay change runtime behaviorDisabled
# Apply only safe fixes (default)
ruff check --fix

# Apply all fixes including unsafe
ruff check --fix --unsafe-fixes

# Show what unsafe fixes are available
ruff check --unsafe-fixes

Adjusting Fix Safety

[tool.ruff.lint]
# Promote unsafe fixes to safe
extend-safe-fixes = ["F601"]

# Demote safe fixes to unsafe
extend-unsafe-fixes = ["UP034"]

# Control which rules can be fixed
fixable = ["ALL"]
unfixable = ["F401"]  # Never auto-fix unused imports

For detailed fix safety documentation, see references/fix_safety.md.

Error Suppression

Line-Level (noqa)

x = 1  # noqa: F841           # Ignore specific rule
i = 1  # noqa: E741, F841     # Ignore multiple rules
x = 1  # noqa                  # Ignore all rules (avoid this)

File-Level

# ruff: noqa                   # Ignore all rules in file
# ruff: noqa: F841             # Ignore specific rule in file

Block-Level (Preview Mode)

# ruff: disable[E501]
VALUE_1 = "Very long string..."
VALUE_2 = "Another long string..."
# ruff: enable[E501]

For detailed suppression patterns, see references/error_suppression.md.

CLI Commands

# Basic linting
ruff check .                           # Lint current directory
ruff check path/to/file.py             # Lint specific file
ruff check . --fix                     # Lint and auto-fix
ruff check . --fix --unsafe-fixes      # Include unsafe fixes

# Output formats
ruff check . --output-format text      # Default human-readable
ruff check . --output-format github    # GitHub Actions annotations
ruff check . --output-format json      # JSON output
ruff check . --output-format sarif     # SARIF format

# Inspection
ruff check . --diff                    # Show what would change
ruff check . --show-fixes              # Show available fixes
ruff check . --statistics              # Show rule statistics
ruff rule F401                         # Explain a specific rule

# Development
ruff check --watch                     # Watch mode
ruff check . --add-noqa                # Add noqa comments
ruff check . --extend-select RUF100    # Find unused noqa comments

Exit Codes

CodeMeaning
0No violations found, or all fixed
1Violations found
2Configuration error or internal error

Modify exit behavior:

ruff check . --exit-zero               # Always exit 0
ruff check . --exit-non-zero-on-fix    # Exit 1 if any violations (even if fixed)

CI Integration

GitHub Actions

name: Lint
on: [push, pull_request]

jobs:
  lint:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - uses: astral-sh/ruff-action@v3
        with:
          args: "check --output-format github"

Pre-commit

repos:
  - repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
    rev: v0.8.0
    hooks:
      - id: ruff
        args: [--fix]
      - id: ruff-format

Troubleshooting

IssueSolution
Rule conflicts with formatterIgnore formatting rules (E501) when using ruff format
Too many violationsStart with minimal rules (E, F), expand gradually
Too many per-file ignoresReview rule selection, consider disabling noisy rules
Slow on large codebaseEnsure .venv excluded, check for recursive symlinks
noqa not workingCheck syntax: # noqa: F401 (colon required)

Common Rule Prefixes

PrefixSourceDescription
E/WpycodestyleStyle errors/warnings
FPyflakesLogical errors
Bflake8-bugbearCommon bugs
IisortImport sorting
UPpyupgradePython version upgrades
SIMflake8-simplifyCode simplification
Npep8-namingNaming conventions
Sflake8-banditSecurity issues
C4flake8-comprehensionsComprehension style
RUFRuffRuff-specific rules

References

FAQ

What does the linting skill do?

Python linting with Ruff - an extremely fast linter written in Rust. Use when: (1) Standardizing code quality, (2) Fixing style warnings, (3) Enforcing rules in CI, (4) Replacing flake8/isort/pyupgrade/autoflake, (5) Configuring lint rules and suppressions.

How do I install linting?

Run npx skills add https://github.com/jiatastic/open-python-skills --skill linting in your project. The skills CLI detects the agents you use and copies the skill into the right folder. For Claude Code you can also place the skill folder at ~/.claude/skills/linting/ (personal) or .claude/skills/linting/ (project).

Which AI agents can use linting?

Any agent that supports the open Agent Skills format (a folder with a SKILL.md file), including Claude Code, Codex, Cursor, GitHub Copilot, Gemini CLI, Windsurf, Cline, OpenCode and more.

Is linting safe to install?

No partner security audit is available yet. Skills can run commands and scripts, so read the SKILL.md and any bundled files before installing.

Who maintains linting?

It is published by jiatastic in jiatastic/open-python-skills. It has 91 recorded installs.

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