seata-patterns
Seata 分布式事务技能。覆盖 AT/TCC/SAGA/XA 四模式选择决策树、AT模式 undolog 表必备、TCC 模式 useTCCFence 解决幂等/悬挂/空回滚、SAGA 状态机长流程、全局事务超时配置(@GlobalTransactional timeoutMills)、读隔离增强(@GlobalLock + FOR UPDATE)。 纠正 LLM：不知道 AT/TCC/SAGA选哪个、不建 undolog 表、TCC Confirm非幂等、不看门狗处理。
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Install
Works with every agent the skills CLI supports.
npx skills add https://github.com/full-stack-skills/java-skills --skill seata-patterns- 01
Install
Run the command in your project. The CLI asks which agents to install for.
- 02
Describe the task
Ask your agent for something this skill covers. It loads seata-patterns automatically when relevant.
- 03
Review the result
The agent follows the SKILL.md steps, scripts and references bundled with the skill.
SKILL.md
The instructions your agent reads when the skill is triggered.
Seata 分布式事务
来源：https://seata.apache.org/docs/
GitHub：https://github.com/apache/incubator-seata
Capability Boundaries
✅ Strong Suits
- AT模式(推荐起始) — 基于数据源代理，零侵入，覆盖80%场景
- TCC模式 — 自定义Try/Confirm/Cancel，性能更好，适合高并发核心业务
- SAGA模式 — 长流程事务(>10s)，状态机驱动，最终一致性
- XA模式 — 强一致，标准协议，适合金融核心
- undo_log表 — AT模式必须建立(每个业务库)
- @GlobalTransactional — 全局事务入口
- @GlobalLock — 读隔离增强
❌ Out of Scope
- 单数据库事务 → Spring @Transactional
- 最终一致性(不要求强一致) → Kafka/RocketMQ 事务消息
四模式选择决策树
需要分布式事务?
├── 需要强一致性(金融核心) → XA模式(性能差)
├── 最终一致即可
│ ├── 事务执行时间 > 10秒 → SAGA模式(状态机)
│ ├── 高并发 + 愿意写Confirm/Cancel → TCC模式
│ └── 80%场景(默认推荐) → AT模式(零侵入)
LLM最常犯的错误
| # | 错误 | 正确做法 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 不知道 AT 模式需要 undo_log 表 | 每个业务数据库建 undo_log 表 |
| 2 | AT 模式用非 ACID 数据库 | AT 依赖本地事务，必须 MySQL/PostgreSQL/Oracle |
| 3 | 全局事务超时不设置(默认60s可能不够) | 配置 @GlobalTransactional(timeoutMills = 300000) |
| 4 | TCC 模式 Confirm 失败不处理幂等 | Confirm 必须幂等(全局唯一ID+去重索引) |
| 5 | TCC 模式不处理空回滚 | 用 useTCCFence = true(Seata 1.5.1+) |
| 6 | 读隔离不处理(读到全局事务未提交的数据) | 查询加 FOR UPDATE + @GlobalLock |
| 7 | SAGA 模式以为会自动回滚 | SAGA 需手动写补偿逻辑 |
| 8 | 全局事务用时过长(锁冲突) | 设置合理超时(建议15~30秒) |
核心模式
模式 1: AT 模式(零侵入，推荐)
-- ✅ 每个业务数据库必须建 undo_log 表
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS undo_log (
id BIGINT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
branch_id BIGINT NOT NULL,
xid VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
context VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
rollback_info LONGBLOB NOT NULL,
log_status INT NOT NULL,
log_created DATETIME NOT NULL,
log_modified DATETIME NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (id),
UNIQUE KEY ux_undo_log (xid, branch_id)
) ENGINE = InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4;
// ✅ AT 模式：只需注解，零业务侵入
@Service
public class OrderService {
@GlobalTransactional(timeoutMills = 300000, rollbackFor = Exception.class)
public void createOrder(OrderDTO dto) {
orderService.create(dto); // 远程服务A(本地事务)
inventoryService.deduct(dto); // 远程服务B(本地事务)
accountService.debit(dto); // 远程服务C(本地事务)
// 任一失败 → 全部自动回滚(基于 undo_log)
}
}
模式 2: TCC 模式(高并发核心业务)
@LocalTCC
public interface AccountTccAction {
@TwoPhaseBusinessAction(
name = "accountTcc",
commitMethod = "confirm",
rollbackMethod = "cancel",
useTCCFence = true // ← Seata 1.5.1+ 自动处理幂等/悬挂/空回滚
)
boolean prepare(BusinessActionContext ctx,
@BusinessActionContextParameter(paramName = "accountDTO") AccountDTO dto);
// ✅ Confirm 必须幂等(可重复执行不改变结果)
boolean confirm(BusinessActionContext ctx);
// ✅ Cancel 必须是幂等补偿(可能先于 Try 执行=空回滚)
boolean cancel(BusinessActionContext ctx);
}
模式 3: SAGA 模式(长流程状态机)
// SAGA 使用状态机引擎，通过 JSON 配置编排长事务
// 每个步骤有正向(serviceMethod)和补偿(compensateMethod)
// 适用场景：订单履约、审批流、物流追踪
// 补偿顺序必须严格反向执行
// 补偿操作必须幂等且可重试
模式 4: 读隔离增强(@GlobalLock + FOR UPDATE)
@GlobalLock
@Transactional
public Order getOrder(Long orderId) {
// ✅ FOR UPDATE + @GlobalLock 解决 AT 模式脏读
return orderMapper.selectForUpdate(orderId);
}
<select id="selectForUpdate" resultMap="BaseResultMap">
SELECT * FROM orders WHERE id = #{id} FOR UPDATE
</select>
Gotchas
- AT 模式不支持非 ACID 数据库 — MySQL/PostgreSQL/Oracle 可，Redis/Mongo 不可
- undo_log 表必须和业务表在同一数据库 — 不同库回滚不了
- TCC 的 Confirm 必须是幂等的 — 可重复执行不改变结果
- TCC 的 Cancel 必须处理空回滚 — Try 未执行但 Cancel 已收到
- SAGA 模式没有自动回滚 — 需手动写补偿逻辑(状态机配置)
- 全局锁可能导致死锁 — 设置合理的超时时间(timeoutMills)
- @GlobalTransactional 默认60s超时 — 超时后自动回滚，长事务手动调整
- Seata TC 必须集群部署至少3节点 — 防单点故障
- undo_log 表定期清理 — 已完成的undo_log可删除(常驻内存)
- 监控全局事务成功率/失败率 — 使用 Seata Dashboard 或 Prometheus
Data Privacy
本技能不收集、存储或传输任何用户数据。
FAQ
What does the seata-patterns skill do?
Seata 分布式事务技能。覆盖 AT/TCC/SAGA/XA 四模式选择决策树、AT模式 undolog 表必备、TCC 模式 useTCCFence 解决幂等/悬挂/空回滚、SAGA 状态机长流程、全局事务超时配置(@GlobalTransactional timeoutMills)、读隔离增强(@GlobalLock + FOR UPDATE)。 纠正 LLM：不知道 AT/TCC/SAGA选哪个、不建 undolog 表、TCC Confirm非幂等、不看门狗处理。
How do I install seata-patterns?
Run npx skills add https://github.com/full-stack-skills/java-skills --skill seata-patterns in your project. The skills CLI detects the agents you use and copies the skill into the right folder. For Claude Code you can also place the skill folder at ~/.claude/skills/seata-patterns/ (personal) or .claude/skills/seata-patterns/ (project).
Which AI agents can use seata-patterns?
Any agent that supports the open Agent Skills format (a folder with a SKILL.md file), including Claude Code, Codex, Cursor, GitHub Copilot, Gemini CLI, Windsurf, Cline, OpenCode and more.
Is seata-patterns safe to install?
No partner security audit is available yet. Skills can run commands and scripts, so read the SKILL.md and any bundled files before installing.
Who maintains seata-patterns?
It is published by full-stack-skills in full-stack-skills/java-skills. It has 75 recorded installs.
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