lombok-patterns
Lombok 注解使用规则技能。覆盖 @Data/@Builder/@Slf4j 组合规则、@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper=true)继承陷阱、与Jackson/@Builder/@Jacksonized组合、与MyBatis无参构造器冲突解决、@Value不可变对象、@With对象复制、@SuperBuilder继承Builder。 纠正 LLM 最常见的 Lombok 误用：不写 callSuper、不加 @Jacksonized、Builder 与继承冲突、@Builder.Default 默认值丢失。
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Install
Works with every agent the skills CLI supports.
npx skills add https://github.com/full-stack-skills/java-skills --skill lombok-patterns- 01
Install
Run the command in your project. The CLI asks which agents to install for.
- 02
Describe the task
Ask your agent for something this skill covers. It loads lombok-patterns automatically when relevant.
- 03
Review the result
The agent follows the SKILL.md steps, scripts and references bundled with the skill.
SKILL.md
The instructions your agent reads when the skill is triggered.
Lombok 注解使用规则
来源：https://projectlombok.org/features/
GitHub：https://github.com/projectlombok/lombok
Capability Boundaries
✅ Strong Suits
- @Data/@Builder/@Slf4j 组合规则 — 什么时候用哪个，什么时候不能组合
- @EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper=true) — 继承时的正确写法
- @Builder + 继承 — Builder 模式在子类中的陷阱与解决(@SuperBuilder)
- @Jacksonized + @Builder — Jackson 反序列化Builder对象的正确配置
- MyBatis-Plus 实体注解规则 — @Data/@Builder 与 MyBatis 的兼容性
- @Value — 不可变对象(DTO/VO)的最佳实践
- @Builder.Default — Builder 模式下默认值正确保留
- @With — 不可变对象的"修改"副本
❌ Out of Scope
- Lombok 安装配置 → 参考官方文档
- Java Records(Java 16+) → 不可变数据载体替代方案
LLM最常犯的错误
| # | 错误 | 正确做法 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 子类 @Data 不写 callSuper=true | @EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = true) |
| 2 | @Data + @Builder 在一起(MyBatis实体) | 实体不要用 @Builder（破坏无参构造，MyBatis需要） |
| 3 | Jackson 反序列化 @Builder 对象失败(无默认构造器) | 加 @Jacksonized 注解 |
| 4 | 父类字段不参与 hashCode/equals | 子类加 callSuper=true |
| 5 | 用 @Builder 在子类，父类字段无法 build | 用 @SuperBuilder 替代(父类+子类都要加) |
| 6 | @Builder 默认值被忽略(字段初始化不生效) | 用 @Builder.Default 标注默认值字段 |
| 7 | DTO 用 @Data（setter 暴露修改） | 用 @Value（不可变）或 @Getter only |
| 8 | @Data 生成 toString 导致循环引用 StackOverflow | @ToString.Exclude 排除关联字段 |
| 9 | JPA 实体 @Data 导致懒加载 N+1 | JPA 实体用 @Getter @Setter + 手写 equals/hashCode |
| 10 | @AllArgsConstructor + @Builder 重复 | @Builder 自带全参构造器，不需要 @AllArgsConstructor |
核心规则速查
实体对象（MyBatis/MyBatis-Plus）
// ✅ MyBatis 实体: 用 @Data，不加 @Builder
@Data
@TableName("sys_user")
public class SysUser extends BaseEntity<SysUser> {
// ⚠️ 继承时 BaseEntity 已声明 @EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper=false)
private String username;
// ❌ 不要加 @Builder — MyBatis 需要无参构造器
// ❌ 不要加 @AllArgsConstructor — @Data 已含 @RequiredArgsConstructor
}
// ✅ 如果必须用 Builder + 实体(需要加所有构造器)
@Data
@Builder
@NoArgsConstructor // ← MyBatis 需要
@AllArgsConstructor // ← @Builder 需要
public class UserEntity {
private String name;
private Integer age;
}
DTO/VO（不可变对象）
// ✅ DTO/VO — 不可变，适合 API 返回值
@Value
@Builder
@Jacksonized // ← Jackson 反序列化支持（Lombok 1.18.14+）
public class UserDTO {
Long id;
String username;
@Builder.Default Integer age = 0; // ← 默认值必须加 @Builder.Default!
}
继承 + Builder
// ✅ @SuperBuilder — 继承场景的 Builder 方案
@SuperBuilder
@Data
public class Parent {
private String parentField;
}
@SuperBuilder // ← 父类和子类都必须加 @SuperBuilder
@Data
@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = true)
public class Child extends Parent {
private String childField;
}
精确注解（替代 @Data）
// ✅ 精确控制: 用 @Getter @Setter 替代 @Data
@Getter
@Setter
@ToString
@EqualsAndHashCode(onlyExplicitlyIncluded = true) // ← 只包含指定字段
public class UserEntity {
@EqualsAndHashCode.Include
private Long id; // ← 只以 id 做 equals/hashCode
private String name;
@ToString.Exclude
private String password; // ← toString 中排除
}
// ✅ @With — 不可变对象的"修改"(返回新对象)
@Value
@Builder
@Jacksonized
public class OrderDTO {
Long id;
String status;
public OrderDTO withStatus(String newStatus) {
return new OrderDTO(this.id, newStatus);
}
}
// ✅ @With 一行搞定(等同上方法)
@Value
@Builder
@Jacksonized
public class OrderDTO {
Long id;
@With String status; // ← 自动生成 withStatus() 返回新对象
}
日志
// ✅ @Slf4j
@Slf4j
public class UserService {
public void doSomething() {
log.info("处理用户: {}", userId); // 不用写 LoggerFactory.getLogger
}
}
组合决策树
需要什么?
├── 纯数据类(DTO/VO/返回值)
│ ├── 需要 Builder → @Value + @Builder + @Jacksonized
│ ├── 需要继承 → @SuperBuilder(父+子) + @Value
│ └── 简单数据 → @Value
├── JPA/Hibernate实体
│ ├── 推荐 → @Getter + @Setter + @EqualsAndHashCode(onlyExplicitlyIncluded=true)
│ └── 避免 → @Data (懒加载N+1, toString循环)
├── MyBatis/MyBatis-Plus 实体
│ ├── 无继承 → @Data
│ ├── 有继承 → @Data + @EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper=true)
│ └── 需Builder → @Data + @Builder + @NoArgsConstructor + @AllArgsConstructor
└── 配置类/Service
└── @Slf4j + @RequiredArgsConstructor (final字段注入)
Gotchas
- @Builder 破坏无参构造器 — MyBatis/JPA/Hibernate 需要无参构造器，实体不要用 @Builder 或加 @NoArgsConstructor
- @Data 不包含 callSuper — 子类 equals/hashCode 默认不比较父类字段，必须显式声明
- @Jacksonized 只在 @Builder 上生效 — 不加会导致 Jackson 反序列化失败(无默认构造器)
- @SuperBuilder 要求所有父类和子类都加 — 缺一个编译报错
- @Builder.Default 只在 builder 模式生效 — new 出来的对象 getter 返回 null
- @Builder.Default 不会影响无参构造 — 用 new 创建时字段默认值是 Java 默认值(0/null)
- @Slf4j 生成的是静态字段 — 不能用 this.log 访问
- Lombok 需要 IDE 插件 + annotation processor — 否则编译期报错
- @Data 生成所有 getter/setter — 敏感字段(密码等)需要手动排除或用 @Getter @Setter 精确控制
- @Value 类的所有字段是 final — 不能有 setter，不能延迟初始化
- @ToString 对 JPA 实体有害 — 懒加载字段触发额外查询，循环引用 StackOverflow
- @With 只能用在非 final 字段 — 与 @Value 组合时 @With 字段不能是 final
Data Privacy
本技能不收集、存储或传输任何用户数据。
FAQ
What does the lombok-patterns skill do?
Lombok 注解使用规则技能。覆盖 @Data/@Builder/@Slf4j 组合规则、@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper=true)继承陷阱、与Jackson/@Builder/@Jacksonized组合、与MyBatis无参构造器冲突解决、@Value不可变对象、@With对象复制、@SuperBuilder继承Builder。 纠正 LLM 最常见的 Lombok 误用：不写 callSuper、不加 @Jacksonized、Builder 与继承冲突、@Builder.Default 默认值丢失。
How do I install lombok-patterns?
Run npx skills add https://github.com/full-stack-skills/java-skills --skill lombok-patterns in your project. The skills CLI detects the agents you use and copies the skill into the right folder. For Claude Code you can also place the skill folder at ~/.claude/skills/lombok-patterns/ (personal) or .claude/skills/lombok-patterns/ (project).
Which AI agents can use lombok-patterns?
Any agent that supports the open Agent Skills format (a folder with a SKILL.md file), including Claude Code, Codex, Cursor, GitHub Copilot, Gemini CLI, Windsurf, Cline, OpenCode and more.
Is lombok-patterns safe to install?
No partner security audit is available yet. Skills can run commands and scripts, so read the SKILL.md and any bundled files before installing.
Who maintains lombok-patterns?
It is published by full-stack-skills in full-stack-skills/java-skills. It has 83 recorded installs.
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