
supabase-extract-service-key
CRITICAL - Detect if the Supabase servicerole key is leaked in client-side code. This is a P0 severity issue.
- Installs
- 481
- Last 24h
- —
- Trending rank
- —
- Security
- Not audited
Install
Works with every agent the skills CLI supports.
npx skills add https://github.com/yoanbernabeu/supabase-pentest-skills --skill supabase-extract-service-key- 01
Install
Run the command in your project. The CLI asks which agents to install for.
- 02
Describe the task
Ask your agent for something this skill covers. It loads supabase-extract-service-key automatically when relevant.
- 03
Review the result
The agent follows the SKILL.md steps, scripts and references bundled with the skill.
SKILL.md
The instructions your agent reads when the skill is triggered.
Supabase Service Key Detection
🔴 CRITICAL: PROGRESSIVE FILE UPDATES REQUIRED
You MUST write to context files AS YOU GO, not just at the end.
- Write to
.sb-pentest-context.jsonIMMEDIATELY after each discovery- Log to
.sb-pentest-audit.logBEFORE and AFTER each action- DO NOT wait until the skill completes to update files
- If the skill crashes or is interrupted, all prior findings must already be saved
This is not optional. Failure to write progressively is a critical error.
This skill detects if the service_role key (admin key) is accidentally exposed in client-side code.
When to Use This Skill
- As part of every security audit (this is critical)
- When reviewing code before production deployment
- After detecting Supabase usage to check for this common mistake
Prerequisites
- Target application accessible
- Supabase detection completed (auto-invokes if needed)
Why This Is Critical
The service_role key bypasses ALL Row Level Security (RLS) policies. If exposed:
| Impact | Description |
|---|---|
| 🔴 Full DB Access | Read/write/delete all data in all tables |
| 🔴 Auth Bypass | Access all user data without authentication |
| 🔴 Storage Access | Read/write all files in all buckets |
| 🔴 User Impersonation | Generate tokens for any user |
This is a P0 (Critical) finding that requires immediate action.
Service Key vs Anon Key
| Aspect | Anon Key | Service Key |
|---|---|---|
| Role claim | "role": "anon" | "role": "service_role" |
| RLS | ✅ Respects RLS | ❌ Bypasses RLS |
| Client-side | ✅ Expected | ❌ NEVER |
| Server-side | ✅ Can use | ✅ Should use |
Detection Patterns
The skill searches for:
1. Key with service_role Claim
// Decoded JWT payload contains:
{
"role": "service_role", // ❌ CRITICAL if in client code
"iss": "supabase",
"ref": "abc123def"
}
2. Variable Names
// Common naming patterns
SUPABASE_SERVICE_KEY
SUPABASE_SERVICE_ROLE_KEY
SUPABASE_ADMIN_KEY
SUPABASE_SECRET_KEY
SERVICE_ROLE_KEY
3. Accidental Exposure
// Sometimes exposed alongside anon key
const keys = {
anon: 'eyJ...',
service: 'eyJ...' // ❌ Should not be here
}
Usage
Basic Check
Check for service key leak on https://myapp.example.com
Deep Scan
Deep scan for service key exposure on https://myapp.example.com
Output Format
No Service Key Found (Good)
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
SERVICE KEY CHECK
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
Status: ✅ No service_role key detected in client code
Scanned:
├── HTML source: Clean
├── JavaScript bundles: 5 files, 2.3MB analyzed
├── Inline scripts: 12 blocks checked
└── Source maps: Not exposed (good)
JWT Analysis:
└── 1 key found, confirmed role=anon (safe)
Result: PASS - No critical key exposure
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
Service Key FOUND (Critical)
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
🔴 CRITICAL: SERVICE KEY EXPOSED
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
Severity: P0 - CRITICAL
Status: ❌ service_role key found in client-side code!
⚠️ IMMEDIATE ACTION REQUIRED ⚠️
Exposed Key:
eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJpc3MiOiJzdXBh
YmFzZSIsInJlZiI6ImFiYzEyM2RlZiIsInJvbGUiOiJzZXJ2aWNlX3
JvbGUiLCJpYXQiOjE2NDAwMDAwMDAsImV4cCI6MTk1NTM2MDAwMH0
.xxxxxxxxxxxxx
Location:
└── /static/js/admin.chunk.js (line 89)
const SUPABASE_KEY = 'eyJhbG...' // Used in createClient()
Decoded Payload:
├── role: service_role ← CRITICAL
├── ref: abc123def
└── exp: 2031-12-20
Impact Assessment:
├── 🔴 Full database access possible
├── 🔴 All RLS policies bypassed
├── 🔴 All user data exposed
└── 🔴 All storage buckets accessible
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
IMMEDIATE REMEDIATION STEPS
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
1. ROTATE THE KEY NOW
→ Supabase Dashboard > Settings > API > Regenerate service_role key
2. REMOVE FROM CLIENT CODE
→ Delete the key from your source code
→ Redeploy your application
3. AUDIT FOR ABUSE
→ Check Supabase logs for unauthorized access
→ Review database for unexpected changes
4. USE EDGE FUNCTIONS
→ Move privileged operations to Edge Functions
→ Client calls Edge Function, which uses service key server-side
Documentation:
→ https://supabase.com/docs/guides/api/api-keys
→ https://supabase.com/docs/guides/functions
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
Context Output
Saved to .sb-pentest-context.json:
{
"findings": [
{
"id": "SERVICE_KEY_EXPOSED",
"severity": "P0",
"title": "Service Role Key Exposed in Client Code",
"description": "The service_role key was found in client-side JavaScript",
"location": {
"file": "/static/js/admin.chunk.js",
"line": 89
},
"evidence": {
"key_prefix": "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiI...",
"role": "service_role",
"project_ref": "abc123def"
},
"remediation": {
"immediate": "Rotate key in Supabase Dashboard",
"long_term": "Move to Edge Functions",
"docs": "https://supabase.com/docs/guides/api/api-keys"
}
}
],
"supabase": {
"service_key_exposed": true,
"service_key_location": "/static/js/admin.chunk.js:89"
}
}
Source Maps Check
The skill also checks for exposed source maps that might reveal keys:
Source Maps Analysis:
├── main.js.map: ❌ Exposed (may contain secrets)
├── vendor.js.map: ❌ Exposed
└── Recommendation: Disable source maps in production
To check source maps content:
→ Add .map to JS URLs: /static/js/main.js.map
Common Causes
| Cause | Solution |
|---|---|
| Wrong env variable | Use NEXT_PUBLIC_ only for anon key |
| Copy-paste error | Double-check which key you're using |
| Debug code left in | Remove before production build |
| Misconfigured bundler | Ensure service key env vars are not included |
Remediation Code Examples
Before (Wrong)
// ❌ WRONG - Service key in client
import { createClient } from '@supabase/supabase-js'
const supabase = createClient(
process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_SUPABASE_URL,
process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_SUPABASE_SERVICE_KEY // ❌ NEVER DO THIS
)
After (Correct)
// ✅ CORRECT - Only anon key in client
import { createClient } from '@supabase/supabase-js'
const supabase = createClient(
process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_SUPABASE_URL,
process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_SUPABASE_ANON_KEY // ✅ Safe for client
)
// For privileged operations, call an Edge Function:
const { data } = await supabase.functions.invoke('admin-action', {
body: { action: 'delete-user', userId: '123' }
})
Edge Function (Server-Side)
// supabase/functions/admin-action/index.ts
import { createClient } from '@supabase/supabase-js'
Deno.serve(async (req) => {
// ✅ Service key only on server
const supabase = createClient(
Deno.env.get('SUPABASE_URL'),
Deno.env.get('SUPABASE_SERVICE_ROLE_KEY') // ✅ Safe on server
)
// Perform privileged operation
// ...
})
MANDATORY: Progressive Context File Updates
⚠️ This skill MUST update tracking files PROGRESSIVELY during execution, NOT just at the end.
Critical Rule: Write As You Go
DO NOT batch all writes at the end. Instead:
- Before starting any action → Log the action to
.sb-pentest-audit.log - After each discovery → Immediately update
.sb-pentest-context.json - After each significant step → Log completion to
.sb-pentest-audit.log
This ensures that if the skill is interrupted, crashes, or times out, all findings up to that point are preserved.
Required Actions (Progressive)
-
Update
.sb-pentest-context.jsonwith findings:{ "supabase": { "service_key_exposed": true/false, "service_key_location": "path:line" }, "findings": [ { "id": "SERVICE_KEY_EXPOSED", "severity": "P0", "title": "Service Role Key Exposed", ... } ] } -
Log to
.sb-pentest-audit.log:[TIMESTAMP] [supabase-extract-service-key] [START] Checking for service key exposure [TIMESTAMP] [supabase-extract-service-key] [CRITICAL] Service key EXPOSED at path:line [TIMESTAMP] [supabase-extract-service-key] [CONTEXT_UPDATED] .sb-pentest-context.json updated -
If files don't exist, create them before writing.
FAILURE TO UPDATE CONTEXT FILES IS NOT ACCEPTABLE.
MANDATORY: Evidence Collection
📁 Evidence Directory: .sb-pentest-evidence/02-extraction/service-key-exposure/
Evidence Files to Create (if service key found)
| File | Content |
|---|---|
service-key-exposure/location.txt | File path and line number |
service-key-exposure/decoded-payload.json | Decoded JWT proving it's service_role |
service-key-exposure/code-snippet.txt | Code context (redacted) |
Evidence Format (P0 Finding)
{
"evidence_id": "EXT-SVC-001",
"timestamp": "2025-01-31T10:10:00Z",
"category": "extraction",
"type": "service_key_exposure",
"severity": "P0",
"finding_id": "P0-001",
"key_data": {
"key_prefix": "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiI...",
"key_suffix": "...xxxx",
"role": "service_role"
},
"decoded_payload": {
"iss": "supabase",
"ref": "abc123def",
"role": "service_role",
"iat": "2021-12-20T00:00:00Z",
"exp": "2031-12-20T00:00:00Z"
},
"location": {
"file": "/static/js/admin.chunk.js",
"line": 89,
"context": "const SUPABASE_KEY = 'eyJhbG...' // [REDACTED]"
},
"impact": {
"rls_bypass": true,
"full_db_access": true,
"auth_users_access": true,
"storage_access": true
},
"curl_command": "curl -X GET 'https://abc123def.supabase.co/rest/v1/users' -H 'apikey: [SERVICE_KEY]' -H 'Authorization: Bearer [SERVICE_KEY]'"
}
Add to timeline.md (P0)
## [TIMESTAMP] - 🔴 P0 CRITICAL: Service Role Key Exposed
- Service role key found in client-side code
- Location: [file]:[line]
- Impact: Full database access, RLS bypass
- Evidence: `02-extraction/service-key-exposure/`
- **IMMEDIATE ACTION REQUIRED**
Related Skills
supabase-extract-anon-key— Extract the (expected) anon keysupabase-audit-tables-read— Test what data is accessiblesupabase-report— Generate full report including this finding
FAQ
What does the supabase-extract-service-key skill do?
CRITICAL - Detect if the Supabase servicerole key is leaked in client-side code. This is a P0 severity issue.
How do I install supabase-extract-service-key?
Run npx skills add https://github.com/yoanbernabeu/supabase-pentest-skills --skill supabase-extract-service-key in your project. The skills CLI detects the agents you use and copies the skill into the right folder. For Claude Code you can also place the skill folder at ~/.claude/skills/supabase-extract-service-key/ (personal) or .claude/skills/supabase-extract-service-key/ (project).
Which AI agents can use supabase-extract-service-key?
Any agent that supports the open Agent Skills format (a folder with a SKILL.md file), including Claude Code, Codex, Cursor, GitHub Copilot, Gemini CLI, Windsurf, Cline, OpenCode and more.
Is supabase-extract-service-key safe to install?
No partner security audit is available yet. Skills can run commands and scripts, so read the SKILL.md and any bundled files before installing.
Who maintains supabase-extract-service-key?
It is published by yoanbernabeu in yoanbernabeu/supabase-pentest-skills. It has 481 recorded installs.
More from yoanbernabeu/supabase-pentest-skills
supabase-audit-rls
yoanbernabeu/supabase-pentest-skills
Test Row Level Security (RLS) policies for common bypass vulnerabilities and misconfigurations.
supabase-audit-functions
yoanbernabeu/supabase-pentest-skills
Discover and test Supabase Edge Functions for security vulnerabilities and misconfigurations.
supabase-pentest
yoanbernabeu/supabase-pentest-skills
Orchestrate a complete Supabase security audit with guided step-by-step execution and ownership confirmation.
supabase-audit-auth-config
yoanbernabeu/supabase-pentest-skills
Analyze Supabase authentication configuration for security weaknesses and misconfigurations.
supabase-audit-rpc
yoanbernabeu/supabase-pentest-skills
List and test exposed PostgreSQL RPC functions for security issues and potential RLS bypass.
supabase-audit-realtime
yoanbernabeu/supabase-pentest-skills
Test Supabase Realtime WebSocket channels for unauthorized subscriptions and data exposure.
Popular data & databases skills
supabase-postgres-best-practices
supabase/agent-skills
Postgres best practices maintained by Supabase, for Postgres running anywhere. Load this skill BEFORE writing or changing anything that lives in a Postgres database: creating or altering tables and columns (including choosing column types), schema design, migrations and declarative schema files, RLS policies and the tests that verify them, indexes, triggers, database functions, queues and scheduled jobs (pgcron, pgmq), vector/semantic search (pgvector), and restoring dumps (pgrestore) or importing data. Also load it when diagnosing slow queries, high CPU, timeouts, EXPLAIN plans, connection exhaustion, locking, bloat, or rows visible to the wrong user or tenant. This is not just a performance guide — schema, migration, security, and SQL authoring tasks need these rules too, even for a one-column change or a single query.
prisma-client-api
prisma/skills
Prisma Client API reference covering model queries, filters, operators, and client methods. Use when writing database queries, using CRUD operations, filtering data, or configuring Prisma Client. Triggers on "prisma query", "findMany", "create", "update", "delete", "$transaction".
prisma-database-setup
prisma/skills
Deprecated compatibility name for prisma-orm-setup. Use only when a user or existing integration explicitly invokes prisma-database-setup; otherwise select prisma-orm-setup.
prisma-cli
prisma/skills
Prisma ORM 7 CLI reference for existing Prisma 7 applications or explicitly selected Prisma 7 workflows. Covers prisma init, generate, migrate, db, dev, studio, and mcp. For setup, connection repair, or Prisma 8, use prisma-orm-setup; not the Prisma Platform CLI.
prisma-postgres
prisma/skills
Deprecated compatibility name for prisma-postgres-setup. Use only when a user or existing integration explicitly invokes prisma-postgres; otherwise select prisma-postgres-setup.
prisma-driver-adapter-implementation
prisma/skills
Required reference for Prisma ORM 7 SQL driver adapter work. Use when implementing or modifying adapters, adding database drivers, or touching SqlDriverAdapter, Transaction, savepoint, result mapping, or DriverAdapterError behavior. Covers current transaction lifecycle, optional savepoint hooks, original database-error preservation, and verification.