golang-samber-do
Dependency injection in Golang using samber/do — service containers, lifecycle management, scopes, health checks, graceful shutdown, and module organization. Apply when using or adopting samber/do, when the codebase imports github.com/samber/do or github.com/samber/do/v2, or when refactoring manual constructor injection into a DI container.
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Install
Works with every agent the skills CLI supports.
npx skills add https://github.com/samber/cc-skills-golang --skill golang-samber-do- 01
Install
Run the command in your project. The CLI asks which agents to install for.
- 02
Describe the task
Ask your agent for something this skill covers. It loads golang-samber-do automatically when relevant.
- 03
Review the result
The agent follows the SKILL.md steps, scripts and references bundled with the skill.
Security audits
Independent scans of the skill's instructions and bundled files.
SKILL.md
The instructions your agent reads when the skill is triggered.
Persona: You are a Go architect setting up dependency injection. You keep the container at the composition root, depend on interfaces not concrete types, and treat provider errors as first-class failures.
Using samber/do for Dependency Injection in Go
Type-safe dependency injection toolkit for Go based on Go 1.18+ generics.
Official Resources:
This skill is not exhaustive — refer to library documentation and code examples for more information:
- For Go package docs, symbols, versions, importers, and known vulnerabilities, → See
samber/cc-skills-golang@golang-pkg-go-devskill (godig), preferred over Context7 for Go package facts. - To navigate this library's usage in your own code (definitions, call sites, diagnostics), → See
samber/cc-skills-golang@golang-goplsskill (gopls). - Context7 remains a fallback for docs not indexed on pkg.go.dev.
Install v2 — v1 is superseded and lacks the generics-based container, scopes, and lifecycle hooks documented below, so v1-era guidance misleads on every API in this skill:
go get -u github.com/samber/do/v2
Core Concepts
The Injector (Container)
import "github.com/samber/do/v2"
injector := do.New()
Service Types
- Lazy (default): Created when first requested
- Eager: Created immediately when the container starts
- Transient: New instance created on every request
- Value: Pre-created value, no instantiation
Provider Functions
Services MUST be registered via provider functions:
type Provider[T any] func(i Injector) (T, error)
Basic Usage
1. Define and Register Services
Follow "Accept Interfaces, Return Structs":
// Register a service (lazy by default)
do.Provide(injector, func(i do.Injector) (Database, error) {
return &PostgreSQLDatabase{connString: "postgres://..."}, nil
})
// Register a pre-created value
do.ProvideValue(injector, &Config{Port: 8080})
// Register a transient service (new instance each time)
do.ProvideTransient(injector, func(i do.Injector) (*Logger, error) {
return &Logger{}, nil
})
// Register an eager service (created immediately at startup)
do.ProvideValue(injector, &Config{Port: 8080})
2. Invoke Services
The container MUST only be accessed at the composition root:
// Invoke with error handling — reserve for call sites outside the DI graph
// (e.g. an HTTP handler that must degrade gracefully instead of crashing)
db, err := do.Invoke[Database](injector)
// MustInvoke panics on error — preferred in providers, recovered by do.Invoke on the parent call
db := do.MustInvoke[Database](injector)
Inside a provider function, always use do.MustInvoke (or MustInvokeAs/MustInvokeNamed/MustInvokeStruct) rather than the error-returning variant:
- A provider already returns
(T, error), so propagating a dependency failure withdo.Invokecosts an extraif err != nil { return nil, err }on every call. do.MustInvokepanics instead, but samber/do correctly catches and recovers that panic at the enclosingInvokecall and converts it back into a regular error — this recover happens inside the library itself, not in caller code, soMustInvokeis safe to use inside providers.- The failure still surfaces as an error at the composition root, just without the manual boilerplate in every provider.
3. Service Dependencies
func NewUserService(i do.Injector) (UserService, error) {
db := do.MustInvoke[Database](i)
cache := do.MustInvoke[Cache](i)
return &userService{db: db, cache: cache}, nil
}
do.Provide(injector, NewUserService)
4. Implicit Aliasing (Preferred)
Register a concrete type and invoke as an interface without explicit aliasing:
// Register concrete type
do.Provide(injector, func(i do.Injector) (*PostgreSQLDatabase, error) {
return &PostgreSQLDatabase{}, nil
})
// Invoke directly as interface (implicit aliasing)
db := do.MustInvokeAs[Database](injector)
5. Named Services
Register multiple services of the same type:
do.ProvideNamed(injector, "primary-db", func(i do.Injector) (*Database, error) {
return &Database{URL: "postgres://primary..."}, nil
})
mainDB := do.MustInvokeNamed[*Database](injector, "primary-db")
Package Organization
Use do.Package() to organize service registration by module:
// infrastructure/package.go
var Package = do.Package(
do.Lazy(func(i do.Injector) (*postgres.DB, error) {
cfg := do.MustInvoke[*Config](i)
return postgres.Connect(cfg.DatabaseURL)
}),
do.Lazy(func(i do.Injector) (*redis.Client, error) {
cfg := do.MustInvoke[*Config](i)
return redis.NewClient(cfg.RedisURL), nil
}),
)
// main.go
injector := do.New(infrastructure.Package, service.Package)
Full Application Setup
func main() {
injector := do.New(
infrastructure.Package,
repository.Package,
service.Package,
transport.Package,
)
server := do.MustInvoke[*http.Server](injector)
go server.ListenAndServe()
_ = injector.ShutdownOnSignalsWithContext(context.Background(), os.Interrupt)
}
Best Practices
- Depend on interfaces, not concrete types — lets you swap implementations in tests without touching production code
- Each service should have one job — services with multiple responsibilities are harder to test and harder to replace
- Keep dependency trees shallow — chains beyond 3-4 levels make initialization order fragile and errors harder to trace
- Handle errors in provider functions — a silently failing provider creates a broken service that crashes later in unexpected places
- Use scopes to organize services by lifecycle — request-scoped services prevent leaks, global services prevent redundant initialization
- Use
do.MustInvoke*inside provider functions instead ofdo.Invoke*— samber/do correctly catches and recovers the panic at the outerInvokecall, turning it back into a returned error, so it's safe to use inside providers and you get the same error propagation without the boilerplate
For scopes, lifecycle management, struct injection, and debugging, see Advanced Usage.
For testing patterns (cloning, overrides, mocks), see Testing.
Quick Reference
Registration
| Function | Purpose |
|---|---|
do.Provide[T]() | Register lazy service (default) |
do.ProvideNamed[T]() | Register named lazy service |
do.ProvideValue[T]() | Register pre-created value |
do.ProvideNamedValue[T]() | Register named value |
do.ProvideTransient[T]() | Register new instance each time |
do.ProvideNamedTransient[T]() | Register named transient service |
do.Package() | Group service registrations |
Invocation
| Function | Purpose |
|---|---|
do.Invoke[T]() | Get service (with error) |
do.InvokeNamed[T]() | Get named service |
do.InvokeAs[T]() | Get first service matching interface |
do.InvokeStruct[T]() | Inject into struct fields using tags |
do.MustInvoke[T]() | Get service (panic on error) |
do.MustInvokeNamed[T]() | Get named service (panic on error) |
do.MustInvokeAs[T]() | Get service by interface (panic on error) |
do.MustInvokeStruct[T]() | Inject into struct (panic on error) |
Cross-References
- → See
samber/cc-skills-golang@golang-dependency-injectionskill for DI concepts, comparison, and when to adopt a DI library - → See
samber/cc-skills-golang@golang-structs-interfacesskill for interface design patterns - → See
samber/cc-skills-golang@golang-testingskill for general testing patterns
FAQ
What does the golang-samber-do skill do?
Dependency injection in Golang using samber/do — service containers, lifecycle management, scopes, health checks, graceful shutdown, and module organization. Apply when using or adopting samber/do, when the codebase imports github.com/samber/do or github.com/samber/do/v2, or when refactoring manual constructor injection into a DI container.
How do I install golang-samber-do?
Run npx skills add https://github.com/samber/cc-skills-golang --skill golang-samber-do in your project. The skills CLI detects the agents you use and copies the skill into the right folder. For Claude Code you can also place the skill folder at ~/.claude/skills/golang-samber-do/ (personal) or .claude/skills/golang-samber-do/ (project).
Which AI agents can use golang-samber-do?
Any agent that supports the open Agent Skills format (a folder with a SKILL.md file), including Claude Code, Codex, Cursor, GitHub Copilot, Gemini CLI, Windsurf, Cline, OpenCode and more.
Is golang-samber-do safe to install?
Security partners have reviewed it: Gen Agent Trust Hub passed; Socket passed; Snyk passed; ZeroLeaks passed. As with any skill, read the SKILL.md and bundled scripts before installing.
Who maintains golang-samber-do?
It is published by samber in samber/cc-skills-golang. It has 38,528 recorded installs.
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