migrations
Implementation details for EF Core migrations. Use when changing MigrationsSqlGenerator, model diffing, migration operations, HistoryRepository, the Migrator or related classes.
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Install
Works with every agent the skills CLI supports.
npx skills add https://github.com/dotnet/efcore --skill migrations- 01
Install
Run the command in your project. The CLI asks which agents to install for.
- 02
Describe the task
Ask your agent for something this skill covers. It loads migrations automatically when relevant.
- 03
Review the result
The agent follows the SKILL.md steps, scripts and references bundled with the skill.
SKILL.md
The instructions your agent reads when the skill is triggered.
Migrations
Pipeline
Add migration: MigrationsScaffolder.ScaffoldMigration() → MigrationsModelDiffer.GetDifferences() → list of MigrationOperation → CSharpMigrationsGenerator and CSharpSnapshotGenerator produce Up/Down/Snapshot code
Apply migration: Migrator.MigrateAsync() → reads __EFMigrationsHistory → per pending: MigrationsSqlGenerator.Generate(operations) → MigrationCommandExecutor executes
Model Snapshot
- Model snapshots use
typeof(Dictionary<string, object>)(property bag format), not the actual CLR type. When examining theClrTypein a snapshot, don't assume it matches the real entity type. SnapshotModelProcessor.Process()is used at design-time to fixup older model snapshots for backward compatibility.MigrationsModelDifferuses provider-agnostic structural comparison between relational models to determine what migration operations are necessary.
For an upgrade-only regression, derive a concrete old ModelSnapshot, process its model with SnapshotModelProcessor.Process(..., resetVersion: true), and compare it with the equivalent current design-time model through MigrationsModelDiffer.GetDifferences(). Preserve the property-bag CLR types emitted by old snapshots and omit APIs that would explicitly configure metadata that was absent in that version. The regression succeeds only when the resulting operation list is empty.
Legacy snapshot normalization belongs in SnapshotModelProcessor, not in runtime migration application. Scope a compatibility branch to the exact released versions that could emit the affected snapshot shape; versions from before the feature existed should not be included merely because they are numerically older. Prefer the mutable metadata interface when it exposes the required setter rather than casting to a concrete metadata implementation. Do not use a missing configuration source as the test for missing historical snapshot metadata: old snapshots may already configure a value using the current default. For metadata whose semantics changed, use the snapshot's product version to restore the old invariant. Add focused coverage for every version family named by the gate, plus the first unaffected version.
Testing
Migration operation tests: test/EFCore.Relational.Tests/Migrations/. Functional tests: test/EFCore.{Provider}.FunctionalTests/Migrations/. Model differ tests: test/EFCore.Relational.Tests/Migrations/Internal/MigrationsModelDifferTest*.cs.
To simulate a snapshot model use ModelBuilder calls without conventions.
FAQ
What does the migrations skill do?
Implementation details for EF Core migrations. Use when changing MigrationsSqlGenerator, model diffing, migration operations, HistoryRepository, the Migrator or related classes.
How do I install migrations?
Run npx skills add https://github.com/dotnet/efcore --skill migrations in your project. The skills CLI detects the agents you use and copies the skill into the right folder. For Claude Code you can also place the skill folder at ~/.claude/skills/migrations/ (personal) or .claude/skills/migrations/ (project).
Which AI agents can use migrations?
Any agent that supports the open Agent Skills format (a folder with a SKILL.md file), including Claude Code, Codex, Cursor, GitHub Copilot, Gemini CLI, Windsurf, Cline, OpenCode and more.
Is migrations safe to install?
No partner security audit is available yet. Skills can run commands and scripts, so read the SKILL.md and any bundled files before installing.
Who maintains migrations?
It is published by dotnet in dotnet/efcore. It has 61 recorded installs.
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